Hemp Fibre

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) bast fibre is one of the oldest textile fibres known, cultivated for over 10,000 years across Asia, Europe, and the Americas. Primary bast fibres (length 5–55 mm, diameter 15–50 µm, tensile strength 550–900 MPa) are extracted from the phloem of the hemp stem after retting and decortication. Global hemp fibre production is 50,000–60,000 tonnes/year, dominated by China (70%), France (10%), and emerging European producers. Hemp fibre cellulose content of 70–74%, low lignin (3–5%), and near-axial microfibril angle (2–6°) produce exceptional stiffness (Young's modulus 30–60 GPa) and moisture management properties superior to cotton. Market value of hemp textile fibre is $400–600/tonne for textile grade, growing at 14% CAGR driven by sustainable fashion, bio-composite, and technical textile demand.