Nano-Coating and Functional Surface Treatment

Nano-coatings apply functional nanoparticles (TiO₂ 5–50 nm, SiO₂ 10–100 nm, ZnO 20–100 nm, Ag 5–20 nm) in colloidal dispersions (0.1–5% solids) onto textile substrates via pad-dry-cure (80–120°C), spray, or sol-gel methods at add-on of 0.5–5 g/m². TiO₂ nano-coatings provide photocatalytic self-cleaning, degrading organic stains under UV in 2–8 hours. ZnO nanoparticles impart UV protection (UPF >50) and antimicrobial activity (>99% reduction in S. aureus per ISO 20743). Lotus-effect superhydrophobicity (contact angle >150°) is achieved with hierarchical SiO₂-fluoropolymer nanostructures. Nano-coating market for textiles is projected to exceed $3.2 billion by 2028.