Nanotechnology in Textile Chemistry

Nanotechnology in textile chemistry applies materials and structures at the 1–100 nm scale to engineer fiber surfaces, bulk properties, and composite architectures with performance characteristics unachievable by conventional finishing. Nanoparticles (TiO₂, ZnO, SiO₂, Ag, Au, CNT), nanofibers (electrospun, 50–500 nm diameter), and nanocoatings (1–100 nm thickness) are incorporated via padding, sol-gel, electrospinning, or in-situ synthesis at add-on weights of 0.1–10 g/m². Global nanotextile market is valued at $6.8 billion in 2024, projected to reach $14.5 billion by 2030 at 11.3% CAGR, driven by demand for multifunctional protective, medical, and smart textile applications.