Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Gossypium hirsutum (upland cotton) accounts for 90% of global cotton production (23–24 million tonnes/year) across USA, China, India, Brazil, and Pakistan. Staple length ranges 22–32 mm with UHML of 25–31 mm, uniformity index 80–86%, fibre strength 27–34 g/tex, micronaire 3.5–5.0, and elongation 5–9%. HVI colour grade Rd 70–82 (brightness) and +b 7–12 (yellowness). Seed cotton yield of 1,500–2,500 kg/ha (irrigated) and 800–1,200 kg/ha (rainfed) with lint turnout of 38–44%. Widely adapted to mechanical harvesting (spindle picker or stripper) in monoculture systems. Suitable for ring spinning at Ne 6–60, open-end rotor spinning at Ne 6–30, and air-jet spinning at Ne 20–80, covering the vast majority of global apparel and home textile applications.