Weft Knit Structures and Loop Formation

Basic weft knit structures: (1) Plain/Jersey—simplest structure, all needles knitting every course, face side showing knit loops (V-shaped), reverse side showing purl loops (horizontal arcs), high stretch (40-60% width, 20-30% length), tendency to curl at edges (used for t-shirts, underwear, single jersey 120-200 GSM), (2) Rib (1×1, 2×2, etc.)—alternating knit and purl stitches in same course creating identical face/reverse, high elasticity (80-100% width, excellent recovery), no curl tendency, thicker than jersey (200-300 GSM), used for cuffs, collars, body-hugging garments, and (3) Purl/Links-Links—all needles producing purl stitches creating identical face/reverse, good width and length stretch (30-40% both directions), stable edges, used for children's wear, scarves, requiring special needle arrangements. Loop formation: needle selection, yarn feeding, old loop casting off, new loop formation, loop draw-down (stitch length controlling fabric tightness, typically 2.5-4.5 mm determining GSM and hand).