Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Polyester
topic
LCA of polyester (cradle-to-gate): GHG emissions ~6–10 kg CO₂eq/kg fibre (cf. cotton 5.5–18 kg, wool 25–50 kg); energy consumption 85–125 MJ/kg; water consumption 7–23 L/kg (much lower than cotton). Hotspots: polymerisation and spinning (energy), dyeing (water and chemicals). Use phase dominant for apparel (washing energy over garment lifetime). End of life: landfill (no biodegradation), incineration (energy recovery), recycling (avoided burden). ISO 14040/14044 methodology; Higg Materials Sustainability Index (MSI) used by industry.
Role
LCA is the scientifically rigorous framework for quantifying and comparing the environmental impact of polyester versus alternatives. It is essential methodology for evidence-based sustainability decision-making in materials selection and policy.