Cross-Section Analysis by SEM and Optical Microscopy
topic
Fibre cross-section preparation for SEM: embed in epoxy resin, microtome (ultramicrotome, tungsten knife) or cryo-fracture (-196°C in LN₂) to expose cross-section; gold/carbon coat for SEM imaging. Optical microscopy cross-section: project onto screen, trace, measure area → calculate equivalent diameter assuming circular (or actual shape). SEM enables measurement of: hollow fraction (void area/total area), sheath/core dimensions in bicomponent, skin thickness. FIB (focused ion beam) SEM for 3D section series of microstructure.
Role
Cross-sectional morphological characterisation is essential for validating fibre production parameters, measuring geometric parameters (hollow fraction, bicomponent ratio), and investigating failure mechanisms. SEM preparation methodology is a practical research skill in fibre science.